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manifestations of the Divine Nature。 The form of Religion; therefore; decides that of the State and

its constitution。 The latter actually originated in the particular religion adopted by the nation; so

that; in fact; the Athenian or the Roman State was possible only in connection with the specific

form of Heathenism existing among the respective peoples; just as a Catholic State has a spirit and

constitution different from that of a Protestant one。

§ 54

If that outcry … that urging and striving for the implantation of Religion in the munity … were an

utterance of anguish and a call for help; as it often seems to be; expressing the danger of religion

having vanished; or being about to vanish entirely from the State; … that would be fearful indeed …

worse in fact than this outcry supposes; for it implies the belief in a resource against the evil; viz。;

the implantation and inculcation of religion; whereas religion is by no means a thing to be so

produced; its self…production (and there can be no other) lies much deeper。

§ 55

Another and opposite folly which we meet with in our time is that of pretending to invent and carry

out political constitutions independently of religion。 The Catholic confession; although sharing the

Christian name with the Protestant; does not concede to the State an inherent Justice and

Morality; … a concession which in the Protestant principle is fundamental。 This tearing away of the

political morality of the Constitution from its natural connection; is necessary to the genius of that

religion; inasmuch as it does not recognise Justice and Morality as independent and substantial。

But thus excluded from intrinsic worth; … torn away from their last refuge … the sanctuary of

conscience … the calm retreat where religion has its abode; … the principles and institutions of

political legislation are destitute of a real centre; to the same decree as they are pelled to

remain abstract and indefinite。

§ 56

Summing up what has been said of the State; we find that we have been led to call its vital

principle; as actuating the individuals who pose it; … Morality。 The State; its laws; its

arrangements; constitute the rights of its members; its natural features; its mountains; air; and

waters; are their country; their fatherland; their outward material property; the history of this

State; their deeds; what their ances

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